تحلیل ابعاد کمی و کیفی سیاستگذاری نظام آموزش عالی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی توسعه آموزش‌عالی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج،ایران.

چکیده

افزایش تقاضای اجتماعی برای ورود به رشته­های دانشگاهی و سیل مدرک‌ گرایی در سال‌های اخیر بازار آموزش­ عالی را داغ و شکل‌­گیری سریع و ناموزون مراکز و مؤسسات دانشگاهی را در پی داشته و در عین ناباوری با سیاست‌­گذاری­‌های غلط نیز مورد حمایت شده است. طبیعتاً برآیند چنین روند تکانشی در رشد بی‌رویه مراکز دانشگاهی، افت شاخص­‌های کیفیت در نظام آموزش عالی کشور بوده است. از این‌رو در این مقاله تلاش شد تا با تحلیل اسناد و مدارک، روند سیاست‌­گذاری آموزش­‌عالی ایران مورد کندوکاو شود. بررسی پیشینه نشان داد که سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌­های نظام آموزش­‌عالی کشور تحت لوای سیاست کلی و متمرکز کشور و در نبود مشارکت برنامه‌­ریزان متخصص و خبرۀ طراحی، تدوین و برای اجرا ابلاغ می‌شود به نحوی که ماهیتاً بدون ویژگی‌های یک نظام برنامه‌­ریزی مطلوب و علمی، بدون بینش واقع‌گرایانه، دور از نیازهای جامعه، بیشتر بروکراتیک و متأثر از جریانات پرنفوذ عقیدتی و سیاسی است. نتایج اجرای چنین سیاست‌ها و برنامه­‌هایی در افزایش ثبت‌­نام در مراکز آموزش­‌عالی، ایجاد مراکز علمی جدید، کمبود فضا و تجهیزات فناوری، سیل مدرک­‌گرایی، افت کیفیت علم و دانش، بیکاری فارغ­‌التحصیلان و شکاف بیشتر بین دانشگاه، صنعت و جامعه نمود یافته است. همچنین از مهمترین چالش‌­های آموزش‌­عالی، اتلاف سرمایه‌­های مالی و انسانی کشور به ­دلیل بی‌­کیفیتی بروندادها و تمایل نداشتن به جذب این منابع انسانی در سطوح جامعه، نبود نظام جامع نظارت، ارزیابی و اعتبارگذاری در عرصه آموزش­‌عالی، کافی نبودن پویایی در نظام آموزش‌­عالی برای پاسخگویی متناسب به نیازهای جامعه، کم ­توجهی به پرورش مهارت‌­ها، کارآفرینی، خلاقیت و نوآوری در نظام آموزشی، گسست ارتباطات دانشگاه‌ها با مؤسسه‌­های تحقیقاتی و جامعه پیرامون، فقدان جهت‌­گیری‌­های مرتبط با آمایش سرزمین در برنامه‌­ریزی‌­های توسعه آموزش عالی، کمیت‌­گرایی و فقدان کیفیت لازم آموزش دانشگاهی است. بدیهی است که برای برون­‌رفت از چنین وضعیتی ضمن اهتمام بر تحلیلی آسیب‌­شناسانه از وضعیت موجود، سیاست‌ها، مسیر و سازوکارهای توسعه آموزش عالی کشور به طور اساسی مورد بازبینی قرار گیرد و  برای ارتقای سطح مهارت و کارآیی دانش‌­آموخته دانشگاهی مبتنی بر  خط­مشی توسعه در اسناد بالادستی نظیر سند چشم‌­انداز کشور و تاکید بر نظام علمی و تحقیقاتی و بر پایه اولویت‌­های آن تلاش و در راستای رفع چالش‌­های پیش­روی توسعه آموزش­‌عالی اقدام کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reflection on quantitative and qualitative aspects of policy making in Iran's Higher education system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Lotfolah Saedmocheshi 1
  • Neamatola Azizi 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Educational Development Planning, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran
2 professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

. The results of this exercise will show the increase in enrollment in higher education institutions, the creation of new scientific centers, the lack of space and technology equipment, the flood of documentaries, the drop in the quality of science and knowledge, the unemployment of graduates and the greater gap between the university, industry and society. Gave Also, the most important challenges of higher education, the loss of financial and human capital of the country due to the quality of outputs and the reluctance to attract these human resources at the community level, the lack of a comprehensive system of monitoring, evaluation and accreditation in the field of education , Lack of dynamism in the educational system to respond adequately to the needs of the society; underestimating the development of skills, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation in the educational system; the breakdown of university communications with research institutes and the periphery; lack of orientation Related issues with land management in higher education development programs, graduated unemployed, quantitative There is a lack of the necessary quality of university education. Needed analysis of the existing situation and initial orientations in the design, review and review of the education system at different levels to provide skill and manpower efficiency based on the line of selective development in the country's perspective and emphasis on the scientific and research system And prioritizing it is a necessity. To address the challenges of advanced education development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • policy making in higher education
  • evaluation of university
  • graduated
  • challenges of quality and quantity
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