شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت مردم در نظام اداری برمبنای سیاست‌های تحول نظام اداری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه هوایی شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت منابع انسانی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت دولتی، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت مردم در نظام اداری برمبنای سیاست‌های تحول نظام اداری است. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی، از نظر روش، توصیفی ـ پیمایشی و از لحاظ نوع داده‌ها آمیخته (کیفی ـ کمّی) است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل خبرگان سازمانی به تعداد پنجاه نفر بود که نمونه‌گیری تا رسیدن به اشباع اطلاعاتی با پانزده نفر انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری فاز کمّی (آزمون مدل) نیز شامل 250 نفر از کارشناسان ستادی وزارت کشور  بود که براساس نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده، 152 نفر برطبق جدول کرجسی و مورگان به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته و پرسش‌نامۀ محقق‌ساخته بود. روایی محتوایی پرسش‌نامه به‌وسیلۀ استادان دانشگاه تأیید گردید و پایایی پرسش‌نامه‌ها با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی بررسی شد و مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. در بخش آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی، برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای اس‌پی‌‌اس‌اس (SPSS) و اسمارت پی‌ال‌اس (Smart PlS) استفاده شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت مردم در نظام اداری به‌ترتیب اولویت و برحسب ضرایب وزنی به‌دست‌آمده عبارت است از: عوامل سازمانی، فردی و فراسازمانی. مؤلفه‌های عوامل سازمانی شامل منابع، مدیریت و رهبری، مدیریت فرایندها و خط‌مشی/ سیاست، مؤلفه‌های عوامل فردی دربرگیرندۀ توانایی، نگرش و شخصیت و مؤلفه‌های عوامل فراسازمانی شامل اجتماعی ـ فرهنگی، سیاسی ـ قانونی و اقتصادی است. در بین مؤلفه‌های عوامل سازمانی، مؤلفۀ منابع در رتبۀ اول اهمیت، و بعد از آن به‌ترتیب مؤلفه‌های مدیریت و رهبری، مدیریت فرایند و خط‌مشی قرار گرفته است. در بین مؤلفه‌های عوامل فردی، مؤلفۀ توانایی در رتبۀ اول، و بعد از آن به‌ترتیب مؤلفه‌های نگرش و شخصیت قرار گرفته است. در بین مؤلفه‌های عوامل فراسازمانی، مؤلفۀ عوامل اجتماعی ـ فرهنگی در رتبۀ اول، و بعد از آن به‌ترتیب مؤلفه‌های سیاسی ـ قانونی و اقتصادی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Effective Factors of Attracting People's Participation in the Administrative System Based on the System Transformation Policies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaei Asadi 1
  • Hajieh Rajabi Farjad 2
  • Ali Reza Ahmadi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Manegment, Faculty of Management, Shahid Sattari Aviation University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Human Resources Management, Faculty of Manegment, Amin University Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 MA of Public Administration, Faculty of Economics and Management, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research aims at identifying the factors affecting people's participation in the administrative system based on the administrative system transformation policies. In terms of purpose, this study is practical; the method is descriptive survey, and the type of data is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Fifty organizational experts were included as the statistical population. With 15 people, the sampling was done until reaching data saturation. In the quantitative part (model test), 250 experts from the headquarters of the Ministry of Interior were included; at the end, according to Krejcie and Morgan’s table, 152 people were selected based on random sampling. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by university professors; using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and composite reliability, the reliability of the questionnaires was approved. In the descriptive and inferential statistics, SPSS and Smart PLS software were used for data analysis. According to priority and the obtained weighting coefficients, organizational, individual, and extra-organizational factors were meant to be the factors affecting people’s participation in the administrative system. The components of organizational factors entail resources, management and leadership, and policy and procedure management. The components of individual factors were ability, attitude, and personality. The components of extra-organizational factors included socio-cultural, political-legal, and economic. The component of resources, management and leadership, and policy and procedure management were ranked in order of priority. Among the components of individual factors, the ability component was determined as the most effective factor, which was followed by the attitude and personality components, respectively. Among the components of extra-organizational factors, the component of socio-cultural was ranked first, which is followed by political-legal and economic components.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attracting public participation
  • individual factors
  • organizational factors
  • extra-organizational factors

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