فقرزدایی به‌عنوان یکی از محورهای سیاست‌های کلی نظام: مرور نظام‌مند سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌ها (1384 تا 1399)

نوع مقاله : گردآوری و مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، رشتۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد. ایران

چکیده

فقر مسئله‌ای چندبُعدی است که تمام جوامع به‌صورت‌های گوناگون آن را تجربه کرده و می‌کنند. فقر عدم توانایی کافی در تأمین نیازهای اساسی تلقی می‌شود و بدیهی است که ناتوانی در تأمین نیازهای پایه‌، در وجوه مختلف بحران‌های شدیدی را در سطوح متعدد به‌وجود می‌آورد. با توجه به ابعاد گستردۀ فقرزدایی، این پدیده از اهمیت دوچندانی برخوردار است. هدف تحقیق پیشِ‌رو شناسایی سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های مختلف فقرزدایی و عوامل ناظر بر موفقیت و ناکامی‌آن‌هاست. این تحقیق با استفاده از روش مرور نظام‌مند به مداقه در مقاله‌های مرتبط با فقرزدایی در 15 سال اخیر پرداخته است. پس از جست‌وجو در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی با استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های مرتبط با فقرزدایی، درنهایت 69 مقاله به‌دست آمد. نتایج حاصل از خوانش و تحلیل مقاله‌ها نشان می‌دهد فقر عمدتاً با ابزارهایی چون سطح درآمد مورد سنجش قرار می‌گیرد. بنابراین در جهت‌گیری نسبت به فقر، عمدتاً نگاه کمّی‌ غالب بوده و سایر ابعاد فقر، به‌ویژه بُعد اجتماعی، تا حدی زیادی مغفول مانده است. در میان برنامه‌های اجرا یا پیشنهاد شده، سیاست اشتغال‌زایی به‌عنوان‌ یکی از پایدارترین برنامه‌ها مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. به‌نظر می‌رسد هنوز جای نگاهی ژرفانگر به حوزۀ فقرزدایی و انجام پژوهش‌هایی که از تقلیل‌گرایی به دور باشد، خالی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Poverty Alleviation as One of the Axes in General Policies System: A Systematic Review of Policies and Programs (2005-2020)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Firouzi 1
  • Gholamreza Sedighouraee 2
  • Ahmadreza Asgharpourmasouleh 3
1 MA Student of Social Science, Faculty of Literature, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Poverty is a multi-layered concept that all societies have experienced its different forms. Poverty is defined as the disability in providing the basic needs. It goes without saying that this disability can raise serious crises. Considering the varied aspects of poverty alleviation, this issue should be studied in detail. The aim of this study is to identify the policies and plans for alleviating poverty, and figure out the elements of success and failure. It systematically reviewed the related articles about poverty alleviation during the last 15 years. Searching through the data bases with poverty alleviation keywords, 69 articles could be found. The analysis of the articles suggested that poverty is measure through the degree of income. Therefore, to address poverty, most of the resolutions are quantitative, and other aspects, particularly social ones, are neglected to a large extent. Among the suggested plans, the most sustainable one is employment. However, it seems that there is a dearth of non-reductive research in alleviating poverty.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Critical review
  • empowerment
  • government
  • general policies
  • poverty
  • poverty alleviation
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