ناهمسویی‌های قانونی با سیاست کیفرزدایی در ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی

2 استاد حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در دوره‌های مختلف تاریخ تحولات کیفری در ایران، قانون گذار همواره نهادهایی برای کیفرزدایی شناسایی کرده است. لکن با توجه به اقدامات زمینه‌ساز در سطح سیاست‌گذاری و برنامه‌ای و مدیریتی در نظام عدالت کیفری گذشته، دورۀ جدید قانون‌گذاری (از 1392به بعد) را دوره گسترش سیاست کیفرزدایی می‌توان نامید. دوره‌ای که با حبس‌زدایی و اعدام‌زدایی، نویدبخش عزم قانون‌گذار در اجرای این سیاست است. با وجود این، به نظر می‌رسد اگرچه در سطح روبنا، چهرۀ قانون‌گذار ارفاق آمیز و مصلحت‌اندیشانه است، ولی از نظر عمق سیاست‌گذاری، در قوانین عام و خاص، نشانه‌هایی از ناهمسویی با سیاست کیفرزدایی یا اطمینان نداشتن به مقررات نوین هم‌چنان پابرجاست، حتی می‌توان ادعا کرد که در دورۀ جدید افزایش یافته است. در این مقاله، با رویکردی توصیفی ـ تحلیلی، چهار عامل از این ناهمسویی‌ها و کیفرافزایی‌ها شامل جرم‌انگاری‌های جدید و مکرر، نداشتن ضابطه‌مندی در گزینش فتوای معیار برای قانون‌گذاری کیفرزدا، کیفرگرایی‌های الحاقی ـ تبعی و نیز کیفرزداییِ آیین‌نامه‌ای نقد و ارزیابی شده و پیشنهادهایی برای اصلاح آن‌ها ارایه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Iranian Legislator’s incompatibilities with depenalization policy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Valiyolah sadeghi 1
  • Mohammad Jafar Habibzadeh 2
1 PhD. In Criminal Law Criminology.
2 Professor Of Criminal Law Criminology. Law Faculty, Tarbiat Modares university, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In the different periods of the history of penal developments in Iran, the legislator has always identified depenalization Measures. However, due to policy-making, programmatic and managerial measures in the past criminal justice system, new legislative Period (From 2013 onwards), can be called the expansion period of depenalization. The period that by decarceration and de-execution, It is hoped that Legislator will implement this policy. Nevertheless, it seems that unlike the superstructure level of the conscientious and expedient legislator's face, at the infrastructure level, in general and special statutes, some of incompatibilities with depenalization policy or uncertainty about new regulations has continued and even it can be claimed that it has increased in the new era. In this article, four of these incompatibilities and Increasing penalties include the new and frequent criminalizations, anonymity in choosing a standard fatwa for depenalizied legislation, supplementary punitiveness and Also, testing- regulating legislation has been criticized and evaluated and amendments are proposed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Depenalization
  • Penalization
  • Punitiveness
  • legislation
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