محاسبه شاخص ضریب جینی و بررسی اثرات آن بر آلودگی محیط زیست در ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد،مشهد،ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه زابل،زابل،ایران

10.30507/jmsp.2020.102562

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی رابطه نابرابری توزیع درآمد و آلودگی محیط زیست (انتشار CO2) با استفاده از داده های استانی کشور ایران طی سال های 1386-1395 پرداخته است. برای این منظور، جهت بررسی وضعیت توزیع درآمد شاخص ضریب جینی به عنوان پراکسی نابرابری توزیع درآمد و انتشار کربن به تفکیک استان های ایران با استفاده از تئوری های موجود مورد محاسبه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از محاسبات ضریب جینی نشان از آن دارد که طی سال های مورد مطالعه روند شاخص کاملا نوسانی بوده است، اما در مجموع از 0/44در سال 1386 به 0/38در سال 1395 کاهش یافته است. همچنین نتایج محاسبات میزان انتشار کربن نشان از آن دارد که در مجموع بیشترین میزان انتشار (72 درصد) از بخش های صنعت، نیروگاه و حمل و نقل صورت می-گیرد. نتایج حاصل از تخمین مدل نشان می دهد که ضریب جینی اثری مثبت بر میزان انتشار کربن دارد و با افزایش یک درصدی نابرابری درآمدی، میزان انتشار کربن 0/31 درصد افزایش می یابد. اثرات تولید ناخالص داخلی، صنعتی سازی و مصرف انرژی بر میزان انتشار کربن در ایران مثبت است. به طوریکه با افزایش یک درصدی متغیرهای مزبور، میزان آلودگی به ترتیب 0/07، 0/07و 0/004درصد افزایش خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Calculation of Gini coefficient index and its effect on environmental pollution in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • freshteh yousefzade 1
  • seyed mohammadreza mahdavian 2
1 Graduate student of economics, Ferdowsi University
2 Student of Environmental Economics at Zabol University
چکیده [English]

This study investigates the relationship between income inequality and environmental pollution (CO2 emissions) using provincial data of Iran during the years 2007-2016. For this purpose, for the purpose of studying the income distribution, the Gini coefficient index was calculated as a proxy for income distribution inequality and carbon diffusion in different provinces of Iran using existing theories. The results of the calculations of the Gini coefficient show that during the studied years the trend of the index has been quite oscillating, but in general, it dropped from 0.44 in 2007 to 0.38 in 2016. Also, the results of calculations of carbon emissions indicate that the highest total emissions (72%) are from industry, power plants and transportation. The results of model estimation show that the Gini coefficient has a positive effect on carbon emissions, and with a 1% increase in income inequality, carbon emissions increase by 0.31%. The effects of GDP, industrialization and energy consumption on carbon emissions in Iran are positive. So, with a 1% increase in these variables, the pollution rate will increase by 0.07, 0.07% and 0.004% respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental pollution
  • Inequality of income distribution
  • Industrialization
  • energy consumption
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