جایگاه نهادهای دانشجویی در حکمرانی آموزش عالی با رویکرد سیاستهای کلی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، رشتۀ اقتصاد و مدیریت مالی آموزش عالی، دانشکدة علوم‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکدۀ فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، تحلیل جایگاه نهادهای دانشجویی در حکمرانی آموزش عالی است. این پژوهش کیفی در دو گام تدوین شده ‌است. نخست با استفاده از روش مروری نظام‌مند، کلیدواژه‌های تخصصی پژوهش شامل دانشجو و حکمرانی دانشگاه، صدای دانشجویان در دانشگاه، دانشجویان و تصمیم‌گیری در دانشگاه و خودحکمرانی دانشجویان در پایگاه‌های بین‌المللی معتبرِ ساینس دیرکت، اشپرینگر، اریک، امرالد، سیج و آنلاین لایبرری وایلی در بازۀ زمانی 1995 تا 2020 م جست‌وجو شد و درنهایت با استفاده از فرم پریسما، 39 مقاله انتخاب گردید. در مرحلۀ دوم با استفاده از روش سه‌مرحله‌ای تحلیل تماتیک ولکات (2008)، مقالات منتخب تحلیل شد. یافته‌های مؤلفه‌های نقش نهادهای دانشجویی در حکمرانی آموزش عالی به‌طور کل 6 تم فرعی اولیه با 13 تم فرعی ثانویه به‌دست آمد. این تم‌ها شامل حکمرانی فرادانشگاهی (سیاست‌گذاری فرادانشگاهی و مدیریت فرادانشگاهی)، حکمرانی درون‌دانشگاهی (سیاست‌گذاری درون‌دانشگاهی و مدیریت درون دانشگاه)، گفتمان دانشجویی (ساختار نهادهای دانشجویی، کنشگری دانشجویان و نقش دانشجویان)، توسعۀ دانشجویی (توسعۀ سرمایۀ انسانی دانشجویان و توسعۀ سرمایۀ اجتماعی دانشجویان)، سازوکارهای حمایتی و قانونی (سازوکارهای حمایتی ـ تشویقی و سازوکارهای قانونی) و ظرفیت‌های نرم دانشگاه (ارزش‌های فرهنگی و  ارزش‌های اجتماعی) به‌دست آمد. از این میان، ارائۀ مشوق‌هایی برای افزایش علاقه و انگیزۀ دانشجویان برای مشارکت، ایجاد اتحادیه‌ها و اصناف دانشجویی، فرهنگ دانشگاهی حامی مشارکت دانشجویان و جمع‌سپاری در تصمیم‌گیری‌های دانشگاه وزن بیشتری از دیگر مفاهیم کلیدی داشتند. در پایان براساس یافته‌های پژوهش، سیاست‌های پیشنهادی برای نظام آموزش‌ عالی ایران ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Position of Student Institutions in Governing Higher Education with the General Policy Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Keykha 1
  • Jafar Towfighi Dariyan 2
1 PhD Candidate of Economics and Financial Management of Higher Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Chemistry Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to analyze the position of student institutions in governing higher education. This qualitative research has been compiled in two steps. First, using a systematic review method of specialized research keywords, including; Student and university governance, The voice of students in
This study aims to analyze the position of student institutions in governing higher education. The qualitative research happened in two phases. First, it employed a principled review approach in order to extract the keywords such as student and university governance, student voices at university, student and decision making at university, and self-governance of the students in valid international data centers like Science Direct, Springer, Eric, Emerald, Sage, and Online Library Wiley from 1995 to 2020. After that, 39 articles were selected through PARISMA form. In the second phase, using the three-stage thematic analysis of Walcot (2008), the selected articles were investigated. The findings regarding the student institutions in the governance of higher education were 6 primary and 13 secondary peripheral themes. These themes included para-university governance (para-university policy making and para-university management), inner-university governance (inner-university policy making and inner-university management), discourse of students (the structure of student institutions, student agency, and student role), student development (developing human resources and developing social capital of students), supportive and legal systems (supportive and encouraging systems and legal systems), and soft capacities of university (cultural values and social values). In this regard, introducing encouragements for increasing the students' motivation for contribution, establishing student cooperatives, university culture for supporting the student contribution, and collective decision making at university were the most significant elements. Finally, some general policies for Iran's higher education were suggested.
the university, Students and decision making at the university, Student self-government in the bases Internationally Reputable: Science Direct, Springer, Wiley Online Library, ERIC, Sage Journals, Emerald were searched during the period (1995-2020) and finally 39 articles were selected using the Prisma form. In the second stage, the selected articles were analyzed using the three-step thematic analysis method of Walcott (2008). Findings on the components of the role of student institutions in governing higher education as a whole; 6 primary sub-themes with 13 secondary sub-themes were obtained. These themes include; Extra-university governance (extra-university policy-making, extra-university management); Intra-university governance (intra-university policy-making, intra-university management); Student discourse (structure of student institutions, student activism and the role of students); Student development (development of students 'human capital, development of students' social capital); Supportive and legal mechanisms (supportive-incentive mechanisms, legal mechanisms) and soft capacities of the university (cultural values ​​and social values) were obtained. Among these, the provision of incentives to increase students' interest and motivation to participate, the formation of student unions and guilds, the university culture supporting student participation, and collectivism in university decision-making outweighed other key concepts. Finally, based on the research findings, proposed policies for the

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : University governance
  • new university management
  • student institutions
  • student governance
  • higher education governance

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